The University of Oxford (hereinafter referred to as "Oxford"), located in Oxford, United Kingdom, is the world's leading public research University with collegiate federalism. The exact date of the university's founding is not known, but the earliest recorded date of instruction is 1096, and it grew rapidly in 1167 with the support of the English royal family. The University of Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the second oldest surviving institution of higher education in the world. The university has produced a number of leading scientific masters and trained a large number of epoch-making masters of art and heads of state, including 28 British Prime Ministers and dozens of heads of state, political and business leaders from all over the world. Oxford University in mathematics, physics, medicine, law, business and other fields has a lofty academic status and a wide range of influence, is recognized as one of the world's top institutions of higher education. Since 1902, Oxford has also established the Rhodes Scholarships, which are open to undergraduates from all over the world. As of March 2019, Oxford alumni, professors and researchers have a total of 72 Nobel Prize winners (ninth in the world), 3 Fields Medal winners (20th in the world) and 6 Turing Medal winners (ninth in the world). The University of Oxford is ranked 1st in the 2020The World University Rankings, 4th in the 2020QS World University Rankings, 5th in the 2020USNews World University Rankings, 7th in the 2019 Times Higher Education World University Reputation Rankings, and 5th in the 2020USNEWS World University Rankings. Specifically, THE University of Oxford has been ranked number one in THE world in THE World University Rankings for four consecutive years from 2017 to 2020.